See ermunaz on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "*eormen"
},
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*irmin"
},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "*irmin"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*ermun"
},
{
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "*jǫrmunr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "huge, great, exalted"
},
"expansion": "“huge, great, exalted”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄρνῡμῐ",
"t": "to raise, excite"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmĭ, “to raise, excite”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "earth, world"
},
"expansion": "“earth, world”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁er-",
"3": "*-mn̥",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "earth"
},
"expansion": "*h₁er- (“earth”) + *-mn̥",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally reconstructed as an adjectival formation with the meaning “huge, great, exalted”, and compared with Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmĭ, “to raise, excite”), however, this interpretation has been rejected by several scholars on the grounds that its posited semantics are not borne out by the meanings attested in the derived compounds. Beeler instead proposes a nominal reconstruction with the sense “earth, world”, deriving it from Proto-Indo-European men-stem *h₁ér-mn̥ ~ *h₁r̥-mén-s (“world, earth”), from *h₁er- (“earth”) + *-mn̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermuną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ermunaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "cf. OHG erdgrunt",
"english": "the world, earth",
"translation": "the world, earth",
"word": "ermunagrunduz"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "Eormenrīċ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "Jǫrmunrekr"
},
{
"word": "→ Latin: Ermanaricus"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "Airmanareiks"
},
{
"roman": "cf. Gaulo-Latin Biturix",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"name",
"personal"
],
"word": "Ermunarīks"
},
{
"alt": "cf. *Erþō",
"word": "Ermunaz"
},
{
"sense": "Old High German",
"word": "Ermanrīh"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "Ermunarīk"
}
],
"glosses": [
"world, earth"
],
"id": "en-ermunaz-gem-pro-noun-Rqzf0fOn",
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) world, earth"
],
"related": [
{
"english": "earth",
"translation": "earth",
"word": "erþō"
},
{
"english": "sand, gravel",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"translation": "sand, gravel",
"word": "jǫrvi"
},
{
"word": "erwô"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*erþō"
},
{
"word": "*midjagardaz"
},
{
"word": "*weraldiz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"poetic",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Aleksander Brückner",
"Jan de Vries"
]
}
],
"word": "ermunaz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"alt": "cf. OHG erdgrunt",
"english": "the world, earth",
"translation": "the world, earth",
"word": "ermunagrunduz"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-English"
],
"word": "Eormenrīċ"
},
{
"sense": "Old High German",
"word": "Ermanrīh"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-West Germanic",
"word": "Ermunarīk"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"word": "Jǫrmunrekr"
},
{
"word": "→ Latin: Ermanaricus"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "Airmanareiks"
},
{
"roman": "cf. Gaulo-Latin Biturix",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"name",
"personal"
],
"word": "Ermunarīks"
},
{
"alt": "cf. *Erþō",
"word": "Ermunaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"word": "*eormen"
},
{
"lang": "Old Saxon",
"lang_code": "osx",
"word": "*irmin"
},
{
"lang": "Old High German",
"lang_code": "goh",
"word": "*irmin"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"word": "*ermun"
},
{
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"word": "*jǫrmunr"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "huge, great, exalted"
},
"expansion": "“huge, great, exalted”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ὄρνῡμῐ",
"t": "to raise, excite"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmĭ, “to raise, excite”)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "earth, world"
},
"expansion": "“earth, world”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁er-",
"3": "*-mn̥",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "earth"
},
"expansion": "*h₁er- (“earth”) + *-mn̥",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Traditionally reconstructed as an adjectival formation with the meaning “huge, great, exalted”, and compared with Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmĭ, “to raise, excite”), however, this interpretation has been rejected by several scholars on the grounds that its posited semantics are not borne out by the meanings attested in the derived compounds. Beeler instead proposes a nominal reconstruction with the sense “earth, world”, deriving it from Proto-Indo-European men-stem *h₁ér-mn̥ ~ *h₁r̥-mén-s (“world, earth”), from *h₁er- (“earth”) + *-mn̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ermuną",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ermunamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ermunaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "earth",
"translation": "earth",
"word": "erþō"
},
{
"english": "sand, gravel",
"tags": [
"Old-Norse"
],
"translation": "sand, gravel",
"word": "jǫrvi"
},
{
"word": "erwô"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic poetic terms",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"world, earth"
],
"links": [
[
"world",
"world"
],
[
"earth",
"earth"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(poetic) world, earth"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*erþō"
},
{
"word": "*midjagardaz"
},
{
"word": "*weraldiz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"poetic",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Aleksander Brückner",
"Jan de Vries"
]
}
],
"word": "ermunaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ermunaz meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.